CPP Research

Lieberman, A.F., Van Horn, P.J., & Ghosh Ippen, C. (2005). Toward evidence-based treatment: Child-Parent Psychotherapy with preschoolers exposed to marital violence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44, 1241-1248.

Lieberman, A.F., Ghosh Ippen, C., Van Horn, P.J. (2006). Child-Parent Psychotherapy: Six month follow-up of a randomized control trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45(8), 913-918.

Ghosh Ippen, C., Harris, W.W., Van Horn, P., & Lieberman, A.F. (2011). Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: Can treatment help those at highest risk? Child Abuse and Neglect, 35, 504-513.

Toth S.L., Maughan A., Manly J.T., Spagnola M., Cicchetti D. (2002). The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering maltreated preschool children’s representational models: Implications for attachment theory. Developmental Psychopathology, 14, 877-908.

Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F.A., & Toth, S.L. (2006). Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 623-650.

Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F.A., Toth, S.L., & Sturge-Apple, M.L. (2011). Normalizing the development of cortisol regulation in maltreated infants through preventive interventions, Development and Psychopathology, 23, 789-800.

Stronach, E.P., Toth, S.L., Rogosch, F.A., & Cicchetti, D. (2013). Preventive interventions and sustained attachment security in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 25, 919-930.

Toth, S.L., Sturge-Apple, M.L., Rogosch, F.A., & Cicchetti, D. (2015). Mechanisms of change: Testing how preventative interventions impact psychological and physiological stress functioning in mothers in neglectful families, Development and Psychopathology, 27, 1661-1674.

Lieberman, A.F., Weston, D.R., & Pawl, J.H. (1991). Preventive intervention and outcome with anxiously attached dyads. Child Development, 62, 199-209.

Cicchetti D., Toth S.L., Rogosch F.A. (1999). The efficacy of toddler-parent psychotherapy to increase attachment security in offspring of depressed mothers. Attachment and Human Development 1, 34-66.

Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F.A., & Toth, S.L. (2000). The efficacy of Toddler-Parent Psychotherapy for fostering cognitive development in offspring. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 28, 135-148.

Guild, D.J., Toth, S.L., Handley, E.D., Rogosch, F.A., & Cicchetti, D. (2017). Attachment security mediates the longitudinal association between child-parent psychotherapy and peer relations for toddlers of depressed mothers. Development and Psychopathology, 29, 587-600.

Toth, S. L., Rogosch, F.A., Manly, J.T., & Cicchetti, D. (2006). The efficacy of Toddler-Parent Psychotherapy to reorganize attachment in the young offspring of mothers with major depressive disorder: A randomized preventive trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(6), 1006-1016.

Peltz, J. S., Rogge, R. D., Rogosch, F.A., Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (2015, July 20). The benefits of Child-Parent Psychotherapy to marital satisfaction. Families, Systems, & Health, 33(4), 372-382. 

Lieberman, A. F., Díaz, M.A., & Van Horn, P. (2009). Safer beginnings: Perinatal Child-Parent Psychotherapy for newborns and mothers exposed to domestic violence. Zero to Three, 29, 17-22.

Ponting, C., Bond, M., Rogowski, B., Chu, A., & Lieberman, A. F. (2024). Childhood and adulthood trauma exposure: Associations with perinatal mental health and psychotherapy response. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 37, 178–186. doi:10.1002/jts.22989

Lavi, I., Gard, A.M., Hagan, M., Van Horn, P.J., & Lieberman, A.F. (2015). Child-Parent Psychotherapy examined in a perinatal sample: Depression, Posttraumatic stress symptoms and child rearing attitudes. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 34(1), 64-82.

Bush, N., Sullivan, A., Noroña-Zhou, A. (2026). Early Life Stress Effects on Children’s Biology, Behavior, and Health: Evidence, Mediators, Moderators, and Solutions. Annual Review of Psychology, 77. doi:10.1111/jcpp.70121

Hagan, M.J. Brown, D.T., Sulki, M., Ghosh Ippen, C., Bush, N., Lieberman, A.F. (2017). Parent and child trauma symptoms during Child-Parent Psychotherapy: A prospective cohort study of dyadic change. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 30, 690-697

Lyons, J. (2008). Evidence-based trauma interventions for foster children in Illinois. Presentation to funders and stakeholders, Chicago, IL.

Weiner, D.A., Schneider, A., & Lyons, J.S. (2009). Evidence-based treatment for trauma among culturally diverse foster care youth: Treatment retention and outcomes. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 1199-1205.

Hazen, K.P., Patnode, C.M., Fessinger, M.B., & Cole-Mossman, J. (2018, April). Child-Parent Psychotherapy in child welfare court: An evaluation. Poster presented at the 2018 UNL Child Youth and Family Studies Summit on Research in Early Childhood, Lincoln, Nebraska.

Hazen, K. P., Carlson, M. W., Cartwright, M. L., Patnode, C., Cole‐Mossman, J., Byrns, S., … & Osofsky, J. (2021). The Impact of Child‐Parent Psychotherapy on Child Dependency Court Outcomes. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 72(1), 21-46.

Harley, E. K., Williams, M. E., Zamora, I., & Lakatos, P. P. (2014). Trauma Treatment in Young Children with Developmental Disabilities: Applications of the Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) Model to the Cases of” James” and” Juan”. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 10(3), 156-195.

Williams, M. E., Carson, M. C., Zamora, I., Harley, E. K., & Lakatos, P. P. (2014). Child-parent psychotherapy in the context of the developmental disability and medical service systems. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 10(3), 212-226

Ippen, C. G., Noroña, C. R., & Lieberman, A. F. (2014). Clinical considerations for conducting Child-Parent Psychotherapy with young children with developmental disabilities who have experienced trauma. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 10(3), 196-211.

Sullivan, A., Merrill, S., Konwar, C., Coccia, M., Rivera, L., MacIsaac, J., Lieberman, A., Kobor, M., Bush, N. (2024). Intervening After Trauma: Child–Parent Psychotherapy Treatment Is Associated With Lower Pediatric Epigenetic Age Acceleration. Psychological Science. doi:10.1177/09567976241260247

Hagan, M., Coccia, M., Rivera, L., Epel, E., Aschbacher, K., Laudenslager, M., Lieberman, A., & Bush, N. R. (2021). Longitudinal hair cortisol in low-income young children: A useful biomarker of behavioral symptom change? Psychoneuroendocrinology, 133, 105389. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105389

Cicchetti D, Rogosch FA, Toth SL, Sturge-Apple ML. (2011). Normalizing the development of cortisol regulation in maltreated infants through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology. 2011.;23(3):789-800. doi:10.1017/S0954579411000307

Paris, R., Maru, M., Yang, Y., & Garber, K. (2025). Trauma and mental health: Examining psychosocial changes for Latin American immigrant mothers and young children participating in Child-Parent Psychotherapy. Psychological Trauma. doi:10.1037/tra0002071

Guyon‐Harris, K. L., & Humphreys, K. L. (2026). Annual Research Review: Interventions for young children exposed to trauma. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Swerbenski, H. G., & Russotti, J. (2026). Dyadic approaches to treating individual functioning: A review and dual meta-analysis of the effects of attachment-based interventions on caregiver and child psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 123, 102691. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102691

Hooker, L., Toone, E., Wendt, S., Humphreys, C., & Taft, A. (2022). RECOVER–Reconnecting mothers and children after family violence: The child–parent psychotherapy pilot. Australia’s National Research Organization for Women’s Safety.

Hooker, L., Toone, E., Raykar, V., Humphreys, C., Morris, A., Westrupp, E., & Taft, A. (2019). Reconnecting mothers and children after violence (RECOVER): a feasibility study protocol of child–parent psychotherapy in Australia. BMJ open, 9(5), e023653.

David, P., & Schiff, M. (2015). Learning from bottom-up dissemination: Importing an evidence-based trauma intervention for infants and young children to Israel. Evaluation and Program Planning, 53, 18-24.

Norlén, A., Thorén, A., & Almqvist, K.  (2021): Implementing Child–Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) in Sweden: A Qualitative Study Exploring Experiences by Caregivers Taking Part of the Intervention with Their Child, Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2021.1925001

Pernebo, K., Massoudi, P., Norlén, A., Krovel Velle, A., Vigestad, G., Mohaupt, H., Haga, S. M., & Almqvist, K. (2024, June 5-7). Child-Parent Psychotherapy in Sweden and Norway – Dissemination through a Clinical and Academic Training Collaborative, Research and the Formation of a Nordic Network. [Poster presentation]. WAIMH 2024 Interim World Congress, Tampere, Finland.

Norlén, A., Bäccman, C., Thorén, A., & Almqvist, K. (2024). The Effectiveness of Child-Parent Psychotherapy on Traumatized Preschoolers and Their Caregivers: A Swedish Multi-Site Study. Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/23794925.2024.2358486

Lamb, C., & O’Sullivan, B.  (2021): Child parent psychotherapy in the treatment of severe trauma in a 4-year-old child with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder, BJ Psych Open, DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.544

Clemmons, N.G., Coates, E. &  McLeod, A. (2024) Understanding the benefits of child-parent psychotherapy delivered via telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic, Children’s Health Care, 53:1, 41-59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2023.2179489

Cox, A., Fogarty, A., Giallo, R., Herman, S., Petrie, S., Savopoulus, P., Schroeder, K., Seymour, M., & Williams, K. (2022) Providing therapeutic services to women and children who have experienced intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and learnings, Child Abuse & Neglect, 130, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105365

Washington State Institute for Public Policy. (2018). Benefit-Cost of Child-Parent Psychotherapy.

Hoagwood, K.E., Richards-Rachlin, S., Baier, M., Vilgorin, B., McCue Horwitz, S., Narcisse, I., Diedrich, N., & Cleek, A. (2024). Implementation Feasibility and Hidden Costs of Statewide Scaling of Evidence-Based Therapies for Children and Adolescents. Psychiatry Services, 75(5), 461-469.